Introduction
It's 1649 and you've just discovered phosphorous. Flash forward 220 years and there's now 63 elements! It's time to discuss with your fellow scientists, like Mendeleev, and figure out a way to organize the elements so that they're easily understandable. Who was involved in the organization of the Periodic Table. How many elements are there? Are there more to be discovered? How is the periodic table organized? Search for the answers and more as you journey through time.
Task
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Your job is to look into the history of the periodic table, finding out information about elements, scientists and more.
A lot of the work of the early chemists was aied at identifying elements by finding differences between them, rather than looking for similarities. However, about 200 years ago, scientists realised that some elements were similar to each other and could be grouped together. Since then, many scientists have contributed to what has become the modern Periodic Table of the elements.
You will learn about the organization of the periodic table and the different elements. At the end of your jouney through history, you will be able to recognise that metals and other elements are organised into the periodic table by their physical and chemical properties.
Process
Elements are the basis of all life. Everything is made from elements. Scientists have been discovering and studying elements for hundreds of years.
You will answer the following questions about the history of the periodic table, including its origins, original data used to construct it and the preictions made after its construction.
Part A: The History!
Use these websites to answer the following questions
http://allperiodictables.com/ClientPages/AAEpages/aaeHistory.html
http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/ch412/perhist.htm
1. Name the scientists that contributed to the development of the periodic table?
For each of the scientists you have discovered;
State
a. Their name, origin and year of their contribution to the periodic table
b. What their contribution was to the periodic table
2. Who is considered the "Father of the Periodic Table"
3. How did he organize the periodic table?
4. State Dalton's Atomic theory of 1808
5. State the Periodic law put forward by Mendelev
6. Explain why Mendelev's table was successful
7. Although the precious metals like gold and silver have been known about for hundreds of years, what was the first scientific discovered element? What year?
8. How many elements were discovered by 1869?
9. What property is used today to organize the elements? What particle is responisble for this property?
10. Mendeleev has an element named after him. Name three elements that have been named after famous scientists.
Part B: This task can be done in Pairs
GETTIN'' TOGETHER WITH THE FAMILIES!
Use this site to fill in the blanks below:
http.//chemicalelements.com/
Click on Alkali Metals (left bar) and answer the following questions.
a. What is the group number?
b. Are these metals reactive?
c. Do these metals occur freely in nature?
d. How many electrons are in their outer shell?
e. What are the three characteristics of ALL metals?
f. Are these metals soft or hard?
g. Name the two most reactive elements in this group?
h. What happens when they are exposed to water?
Click on Alkaline Earth Metals (left bar) and answer these questions.
a. What is the group number?
b. Are these metals reactive?
c. Do these metals occur freely in nature?
d. How many electrons are in their outer shell? (Hint: It’s the same as their oxidation number or group number.)
Click on Transition Metals (left bar) and answer these questions.
a. How many elements are in this group?
b. What are the group numbers?
c. What are valence electrons?
d. Name the three elements in this family that produce a magnetic field.
Click on Other Metals (left bar) and answer these questions.
a. How many elements are in this group?
b. What are the group numbers?
c. How are these other metals similar to the transition metals?
d. How are these metals different than the transition metals?
e. List three physical properties of these other metals.
f. What are the oxidation numbers for this group?
Click on Metalloids to answer these questions.
a. On your periodic table, draw the black stair-step line that distinguishes metals from nonmetals.
b. Metalloids have properties of both
c. Define semiconductor
d. Name 2 metalloids that are semi-conductors.
e. This property makes metalloids useful in......
Click in Nonmetals to answer these questions.
a. What are the group numbers?
b. List four characteristics of ALL nonmetals.
c. What two states of matter do nonmetals exist in at room temperature?
d. The nonmetals have no _______________and do not ___________
e. What are the oxidation numbers of the nonmetals?
Click on the Halogens (left bar) to answer these questions.
a. What is the halogen group number?
b. Are halogens metals or nonmetals?
c. The term “halogen” means ____________________ and compounds containing halogens are called ____________________.
d. How many electrons are in their outer shell? __________________
e. What is their oxidation number? ___________________
f. What states of matter do halogens exist in at room temperature?
Click on Noble Gases (left bar) and answer these questions.
a. What is the group number?
b. Why were these gases considered to be inert or stable?
c. What is their oxidation number?
Click on Rare Earth Elements ( Inner Transition) (left bar) and answer these questions.
a. How many Rare Earth elements are there?
c. Define trans-uranium.
d. The Rare Earth metals are found in group _______________and periods ______________and