Introduction
Today you will learn the similarities and differences between Mitosis and Meiosis. You will begin your learning adventure by watching videos in the Task section, study the inforrmation that I posted in the Process section and continue on to the Evaluation and Conclusion sections.
After you view the short videos, you will look over the information on the Process page. When you understand the information, continue to the Evaluation section and answer the questions in complete sentences. Points will be deducted for incomplete work.
This will count as a Test grade!
Task
[video:http://www.teachertube.com/video/mitosis-249259]
dr Thinkwell Mitosis Part 1 [video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HnThXwKtnSE]
[video:http://www.teachertube.com/video/meiosis-249267]
Mitosis versus Meiosis from Dr. Thinkwell [video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IzfJSxa-uA]
Process
Definition Alert: Homolog, Homologous chromosome
Definition
noun, plural: homologous chromosomes
(Science: genetics)
1. one of a pair of chromosomes
2. a chromosome with the same gene sequence as another
Supplement
In a biological cell, a chromosome pairs with another chromosome during meiosis. This pairing (synapsis) happens between two chromosomes that arehomologous, i.e. chromosomes having the same genes at the same loci but possibly different alleles. For example, two chromosomes may have genes encoding eye color, but one may code for brown eyes, the other for blue.
A human cell contains 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes: 22 of them are homologous non-sex chromosomes (or autosomes) and 1 homologous pair of sex chromosomes. In females, the homologous sex chromosomes are 2 X’s; in males the X and Y chromosomes.
Comparison chart
Meiosis |
Mitosis |
|
|---|---|---|
| Type of Reproduction | Sexual | Asexual |
| Occurs in | Humans, animals, plants, fungi. | All organisms. |
| Genetically | Different | Identical |
| Crossing Over | Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. | No, crossing over cannot occur. |
| Definition | A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes, producing two haploid cells. | A process of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in each resulting diploid cell. |
| Pairing of Homologs | Yes | No |
| Function | Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. | Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body. |
| Number of Divisions | 2 | 1 |
| Number of Daughter Cells produced | 4 haploid cells | 2 diploid cells |
| Chromosome Number | Reduced by half. | Remains the same. |
| Creates | Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells. | Makes everything other than sex cells. |
Evaluation
Name____________________________________ Class Color __________________Date__________
Mitosis and Meiosis Assessment
Read each question carefully, you may use short answers when stated. All written answers must be written in complete sentences.
Mitosis
1) What is the purpose (reason) for Mitosis? Explain
2) How many divisions does Mitosis have? Short answer
3) How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Short answer
4) Do the daughter cells from Mitosis resemble the parent cell? Explain
Meiosis
5) What is the reason for Meiosis? Explain
6) How many divisions are there in Meiosis? Short answer
7) How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Short answer
8) Do the daughter cells from Meiosis resemble the parent cell? Short answer
Part 3 True or False. Write the correct answer on the line.
12) Meiosis creates 4 new cells. __________
13) Animal cells have a boxy shape. _______
14) Chromosomes are found in the cell’s cytoplasm. ________
15) A phase of mitosis is called megaphase. ___________
Circle the letter in front of the correct sequence/answer.
16) What is the correct order of these mitotic stages?
A) prophase – metaphase – telophase – anaphase – cytokinesis
B) prophase – cytokinesis – metaphase – telophase – anaphase
C) anaphase – prophase – metaphase – telophase – cytokinesis
D) prophase – metaphase – anaphase – telophase – cytokinesis
17) Which stage do all chromosomes align in one plane (line)? Circle the correct letter.
A) Anaphase
B) Telophase
C) Prophase
D) Metaphase
18) A cell in interphase is sometimes said to be resting. Why is this misleading? Circle the correct letter.
A) Interphase cells are actively dividing.
B) Interphase cells are synthesizing RNA and proteins, and growing in size.
19) Why do sperm and egg cells only have 23 chromosomes? Explain your answer in complete sentences.
20) What type of reproduction do flowering plants use? Is it the same or different from plants that don’t produce flowers? Explain the differences using complete sentences.
Conclusion
Go to Mr. W's quiz page and take the interactive video quizzes. Put your name and class color on all worksheets and pass them into your teacher.
http://www.sciencemusicvideos.com/mitosis-quizzes/
Credits
Teacher Page
Congratulations on completing this webquest. I will be sharing the results with you soon.