Conditional Sentence

Introduction

Created by Arry Yanwar. Here we go...

Rumus Conditional Sentence

Rumus Umum

Secara umum, rumus kalimat pengandaian ini adalah sebagai berikut.

if + condition, result/consequence

atau tanpa tanda baca koma:

result/consequence + if + condition

Rumus Conditional Sentence berbagai tipe

Type	Rumus Conditional Sentence
0	if + simple present, simple present
1	if + simple present, will + bare infinitive
2	if + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive
3	if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle

Contoh Conditional Sentence

Berikut contoh conditional sentence pada berbagai tipe sesuai dengan rumus di atas.

Type	Contoh Conditional Sentence
0	If we burn paper, it becomes ash. (Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi abu.)
1	If I meet him, I will introduce myself. (Jika saya bertemu dia, saya akan memperkenalkan diri.)
2	If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)
3	If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party. (Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.)

Negatif if + condition

Rumus: if…not dapat digantikan dengan unless.

Contoh conditional sentence: if…not dan unless:

Dengan menggunakan rumus negatif if, contoh conditional sentence seperti di bawah ini.

Conditional sentences

Conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of English as a second language.

Watch out:

Which type of conditional sentences is it?
Where is the if-clause (e.g. at the beginning or at the end of the conditional sentence)?

There are three types of conditional sentences.

type	condition
I	condition possible to fulfill
II	condition in theory possible to fulfill
III	condition not possible to fulfill (too late)

1. Form

type	if-clause	main clause
I	Simple Present	will-future or (Modal + infinitive)
II	Simple Past	would + infinitive *
III	Past Perfect	would + have + past participle *

2. Examples (if-clause at the beginning)

3. Examples (if-clause at the end)

4. Examples (affirmative and negative sentences)

type		Examples
		long forms	short/contracted forms
I	+	If I study, I will pass the exam.	If I study, I'll pass the exam.
-	If I study, I will not fail the exam. If I do not study, I will fail the exam.	If I study, I won't fail the exam. If I don't study, I'll fail the exam.
II	+	If I studied, I would pass the exam.	If I studied, I'd pass the exam.
-	If I studied, I would not fail the exam. If I did not study, I would fail the exam.	If I studied, I wouldn't fail the exam. If I didn't study, I'd fail the exam.
III	+	If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.	If I'd studied, I'd have passed the exam.
-	If I had studied, I would not have failed the exam. If I had not studied, I would have failed the exam.	If I'd studied, I wouldn't have failed the exam. If I hadn't studied, I'd have failed the exam.

* We can substitute could or might for would (should, may or must are sometimes possible, too).

Thanks