TEACHING TRANSALTION Sebastian Montezuma

Translation is the process of translating what is expressed in one language or set of symbols by means of another. language or set of symbols also the cultural  are an obstacle when it becomes a function of translation, but in this case the words are not changed in other cases when the words are not original to a culture if the process is done everything is translatable.

language culture  may not be  translatable  how to comply with cultural norms involved becomes one of the major problems in actual translating.

The text type can also be a determining factor in choosing translation method.

 

What are two methods?

Direct or Literal and Oblique

Direct or Literal

Also called direct translation which is found in everyday usage, literal translation means to render the text from one form of the first language to another.

 

Borrowing Technique:

 is the idea of taking the word from the source language  and maintaining it in the target language .

 Example: Margaritas, tortillas, sushi, machete, spaghetti.

 

CALQUE:

When translators uses a calque, they are creating or using a neologism in the target language by adopting the structure of the source language.

Example: The German word handball is translated into Spanish as balonmano. Or the English term skyscraper is gratte-ciel in French or rascacielos in Spanish.

Football → Fútbol → Balompié

l 4 X 4 → cuatro por cuatro (4 X 4)

l Basquetball → Básquetb

 

Literal Technique This means a word-for-word translation, achieving a text in the target language which is as correct as it is idiomatic

¡The girl is sick → La niña está enferma 

How are you? → ¿Cómo está usted? 

Good morning →Buenos días

 

Method Oblique

Transposition Technique: Transposition involves moving from one grammatical category to another without altering the meaning of the text.

Example

She likes eating hamburger – Le gusta comer hamburguesa.

I´m sure Paul will be here late. Estoy seguro que Paul tardará en llegar.

The students actively participated. Los estudiantes participaron con estusiasmo

 

Modulation Technique:

consists of altering a phrase from one language to another to convey the same meaning.

Example

 

 Su madre le pidió no salir de la casa. Dentro era más seguro.

 Her mother asked her to stay inside the house. It was dangerous to come out.

Here and there. 

 

Equivalence Technique:

Similar to modulation, this allows you to preserve the meaning of an expression, name or proverb by finding a target language equivalent.. 

Example

Stop splitting hairs → Deja de buscarle cinco patas al gato.

 

Adaptation Technique:

Also known as cultural substitution, cultural elements of the source language are replaced with an equivalent cultural element of the target language. 

Titles of books, movies, and characters often fit into this category

Example:

  Star Wars            Guerra de las Galaxias

Despicable Me → Mi villano favorito.

The Sound of Music → Sonrisas y lágrimas